Umunsi wahariwe agakingirizo n'umunsi w'abakundana: Baguhe agakingirizo canke amashurwe?

Itariki ya 13 Ruhuhuma(2) buri mwaka ni Umunsi mpuzamakungu wahariwe agakingirizo, ukaba uhimbazwa umusi umwe imbere y'Umunsi w'abakundana, uzwi cane nka "Saint Valentin". Abahinga mu magara y'abantu bavuga ko gushira uwo musi hafi y'itariki ya 14 Ruhuhuma (2) si impanuka, ahubwo ni ubutumwa bwerekana ko urukundo no kwitwararika amagara bikwiye kugendana.

Intumbero y'uyu munsi ni uguhimiriza abantu gukoresha neza agakingirizo nk'uburyo bwo kugabanya kwandura umugera wa SIDA, izindi ndwara zandukira biciye mu bihimba vy'irondoka hamwe no kwirinda inda zitateguwe. Ni umunsi wibutsa ko kwikingira ari ukwubaha uha uwo mukundanye hamwe no kwubaha amagara yawe ubwawe.

Nk'uko bivurwa n'Ishirahamwe rirwanya ukwandura umugera wa SIDA (UNAIDS), abantu bagera kuri imiriyoni 40 bari baranduye umugera wa sida kw'isi gushika mu mwaka wa 2024. Ivyo bitigiri vyerekana ko ikiza ca SIDA kigihari kandi kitarahera.

Muri ivyo bihe, agakingirizo karabandanya kuba kimwe mu bikoresho bihambaye cane mu bijanye n'amagara y'abantu kw'isi yose. Ni igikoresho coroshe, kitazimvye kandi kiboneka bitagoranye, ariko ikoreshwa ryako riracarimwo intambamyi zishingiye ku mibano, ku migenzo no ku bumenyi buke mu bantu.

Urukoba, impuzu, gushika no ku mipira: Urugendo ruhambaye rw'agakingirizo

Udukingirizo twagiye turaboneka nk'uburyo bwo kwikingira mu kurwanya indwara zandukira biciye mu mibonano mpuzabitsina no gukingira inda zitateguwe kuva kera cane.

Mu ntango, nko mu myaka 3.000 iheze, abantu barikingira bakoresheje impu z'ibikoko canke udupfuko tw'impuzu, uburyo buvugwa n'abahinga bo muri kahise ko bwatanguriye mu bihugu vya Misiri n'Ubushinwa.

Ku bantu bo muri ivyo bihe, ivyo bikoresho vyabonwa nk'ivyemewe kandi bimeze neza, ariko ubushobozi bwavyo bwo gukingira bwari buke, kandi ingorane zo kwandura zaguma ziboneka.

Mu kinjana ca 18, agakingirizo kari igicuruzwa kizimvye cane, ku buryo benshi batashobora kukaronka kubera igiciro.

Impinduka zikomeye zaje mu kinjana ca 20 igihe hatanguwe gukora udukingirizo dukozwe muri 'latex'.

Latex ni amazi yera asohoka mu biti bimwe bimwe, cane cane igiti ca Hevea. Iba igizwe n'ibice bingana na 60% vy'amazi hamwe na caoutchouc/rubber. Latex niyo iheza igatunganywa ikavamwo agakingirizo.

Haciye hakorwa udukingirizo tworoshe, tworoshe mu gukoreshwa kandi dufise ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukingira.

Udukingirizo twa "latex" tugikoreshwa gushika n'ubu twarahinduye cane uburyo bwo kwikingira, bituma agakingirizo kaba igikoresho gihambaye ku magara y'abantu benshi.

Mu rugendo rwo kumenyekanisha ikoreshwa ryatwo, ntawoshobora kwibagira kuvuga Mechai Viravaidya, umuhinga mu vy'amagara y'abantu wo muri Thailande.

Uyu azwi kw'isi yose nka "Mr. Condom" kubera igikorwa yakoze co gukangurira abantu gukoresha agakingirizo muri Thailand no kw'isi yose.

Asigura ukuntu ubu bushakashatsi bwahinduye ubuzima bw'amamiliyoni y'abantu mu kugabanya igitigiri c'abana no kugabanya ikwiragira ry'indwara zandukirira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Avuga ati: "Twize ko inyigisho n'ukuronka udukingirizo ari urufunguzo rw'amagara meza y'umuryango."

Naho hariho intambamyi zishingiye ku mibano no ku mico, kahise kerekana ko iyo ubuhinga n'inyigisho bifatanijwe, bishobora gushika ku ntsinzi ikomeye mu guhindura inyifato zijanye n'irondoka.

Ibibazo vy'ugukora neza n'ibiharuro vy'abandura

Naho hariho udukingirizo twa kijambere twemejwe n'ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rijejwe amagara yabantu OMS ko bukora ku rugero rurenze 98%, haracariho abantu batabukoresha, ababukoresha nabi, n'abandi bizera gukoresha ibindi bintu bidusubirira nk'utumwanya.

Abo bantu bavugwa ko bagira uruhara mu kwiyongera kw'abantu bandura SIDA . inda zitateguwe canke zitifujwe, hamwe n'izindi ndwara zandukirira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Uretse abantu barenga imiliyoni 40 banduye umugera wa SIDA kw'isi yose, OMS ivuga ko buri mwaka kw'isi yose abantu barenga imiliyoni 300 bandura indwara zandukirira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, benshi muri bo bakaba bari hagati y'imyaka 15-49. Ku bijanye na SIDA, abandura bashasha buri mwaka bangana n'imiliyoni 1.7.

No mu bihugu vya Afrika y'Ubuseruko, ikibazo c'udukingirizo n'ukwandura umugera wa SIDA kiracakomeye.

Akarorero, muri Tanzaniya, urwaruka ruri hagati y'imyaka 15-24 nirwo rwandura cane umugera wa SIDA , aho abagore ari ibice 80% mu bandura bashasha, naho igitigiri c'abandura cagiye kiragabanuka ku rugero rw'ibice 2.6%.

Ivyo bifitaniye isano no kugabanuka kw'ikoreshwa ribereye kandi ritegekanijwe neza ry'udukingirizo, nk'uko vyasiguwe umwaka uheze na Muganga Mukuru wa Tanzaniya, Dr. Ziada Sellah.

Nk'uko biri mu raporo za Leta ya Uganda, abantu bane kuri 100 baranduye umuguera wa SIDA, mu gihe mu karere ka Fort Portal ari abantu 12 kuri 100 banduye.

Naho Kenya imaze gutera intambwe mu kugabanya ubandura umugera wa SIDA ku rugero rwa 60% mu myaka ine iheze, ntirashika ku mbonakazoza yayo yo kugabanya iyo ndwara ku rugero rwa 75% gushika mu mwaka wa 2025.

Umusubirizi w'Umuyobozi w'Urwego rw'Igihugu rujejwe kurwanya SIDA, indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina na Hepatite (NASHCoP) muri Tanzaniya, Dr. Zeye Nkomela, aherutse kuvuga ati:

"Haracariho ivyiyumviro bitari vyo n'ukwinuba ku bijanye n'ikoreshwa ry'udukingirizo. Ivyo bituma bamwe bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye."

Yaba dukungirizo twobonetse hose kandi mu buryo bworoshe, tugakoreshwa neza kandi mu mutekano, iki gikoresho coba umuti ukomeye cane wo kugabanya abandura umugera wa SIDA no gukingira amagara y'urwaruka rw'ubu n'uruzokurikira kw'isi yose.