The Catholic Church has a strong emphasis on hierarchy (levels of leadership).
The Pope: He is the head of the Catholic Church and is believed by Catholics to be God's representative on Earth. The Pope is referred to as the Bishop of Rome and successor to St Peter.
Cardinals: They are close advisors to the Pope and are appointed by him. They elect a new Pope during a conclave when the Pope dies or resigns.
Archbishops: They are the highest rank of Bishop and are responsible for an Archdiocese.
Bishops: They are the successors of Jesus' apostles and are responsible for a diocese within each Archdiocese.
Priests: They are in charge of individual churches and proclaim the word of God, celebrate sacraments, and serve their community as pastoral guides.
Deacons: They assist priests and bishops in liturgy, preaching, and caring for the sick. They can become priests or remain permanent deacons (including married men).
Advantages of a hierarchical structure
It helps to prevent false teaching by having one strong teacher who can communicate the right beliefs.
It helps to maintain unity because when the leaders agree the churches tend to agree as well.
It helps to create a strong organisation, meaning the Church is less likely to split.
Disadvantages of a hierarchical structure
All the focus can be on one person, rather than everyone playing their part.
If the main leader makes a wrong decision it can be harder for people to object.
People can tend to feel less involved and engaged in the direction and focus of the Church.
