UnityContinuation

Unity refers to how different elements of an artwork or design work come together and create a sense of wholeness. It can be achieved through proximity, simplicity, repetition and continuation.

Part ofArt and DesignPrinciples of design

Continuation

Unity can be achieved by using continuing lines, edges and shapes to link together different areas and elements in a composition.

Pewter vase, Liberty & Co. Arts and Crafts, Archibald Knox, c.1902, Simon Curtis / Alamy Stock Photo
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Pewter vase, Liberty & Co. Arts and Crafts, Archibald Knox, c.1902, Simon Curtis / Alamy Stock Photo

In this vase designed by Archibald Knox around 1902, continuation unites different parts of the vase.

The body of the vase widens out from the opening on top and this line is continued through the curving form of the supporting legs.

Pewter vase, Liberty & Co. Arts and Crafts, Archibald Knox, c.1902, Simon Curtis / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Pewter vase, Liberty & Co. Arts and Crafts, Archibald Knox, c.1902, Simon Curtis / Alamy Stock Photo
Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris, c.1671-76, Eric Nathan / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris, c.1671-76, Eric Nathan / Alamy Stock Photo

Continuity unites different parts of Hôtel National des Invalides in Paris (1671-76).

Columns form vertical lines that lead up from the ground to pillars around the base of the dome. These are continued as gold lines in the decoration of the dome that then lead up to the thin columns, spire and cross at the top of the building.

Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris, c.1671-76, Eric Nathan / Alamy Stock Photo
Image caption,
Hôtel National des Invalides, Paris, c.1671-76, Eric Nathan / Alamy Stock Photo
Polynesia, the sea, Henri Matisse, 1946, paper cut out and gouache, Credit: Archives H. Matisse © Succession H. Matisse/ DACS 2017
Image caption,
Polynesia, the sea, Henri Matisse, 1946, paper cut out and gouache, Credit: Archives H. Matisse © Succession H. Matisse/ DACS 2017

In Polynesia, The Sea (1946) Henri Matisse created simple shapes of birds, fish and sea life by cutting them out of white paper. Unity is created by the continuous blue grid that acts as a background to the other shapes. The sense of unity is added to by the seaweed shapes that join together forming a continuous border round the outside of the composition.