Mutations – soft, nasal, aspirate – WJECThe aspirate mutation

Being able to mutate is important when speaking and writing Welsh accurately. Learn when each type of mutation is needed and how the beginning of words change when using each one.

Part ofWelsh Second Language (WJEC)Grammar

The aspirate mutation

Top tips to remember which three letters change, and when, in a treiglad llaes.

This is the easiest mutation as only three letters mutate and it doesn’t occur as often as the soft mutation.

The grid shows how the aspirate mutation works.

Original letterMutated letter
cch
pph
tth
Original letterc
Mutated letterch
Original letterp
Mutated letterph
Original lettert
Mutated letterth

This mutation is used:

after a, eg:

  • coffi a the – coffee and tea
  • te a choffi – tea and coffee
  • Mae gen i ddau frawd a thair chwaer. – I have two brothers and three sisters.

after ei – her, eg:

  • Mae ei thad hi’n gweithio yn yr ysgol. – Her father works in the school.
  • Ci defaid ydy ei chi hi. – Her dog’s a sheepdog.

Question

Translate the following into Welsh.

  1. I like cheese and tomato pizzas.
  2. Do you like ham and cheese sandwiches?
  3. Her father works in the café.
  4. I like her new trousers.