Urban issues and challenges in LICs and NEEs - AQASquatter settlements in Mumbai, India
Urban areas are growing rapidly. They can cause a range of opportunities and challenges. Urban planning is important to ensure that the opportunities are maximised and the challenges are minimised.
A problem of rapid rural to urban migration is the development of squatter settlementAn area of makeshift housing, often unplanned and built illegally.. In Mumbai the squatter settlement of Dharavi is now home to over 1 million people. Dharavi lies between two railway lines and is one of the biggest squatter settlements in the world. The squatter settlement is unplanned and has the following characteristics:
overcrowded and noisy
houses are made from cardboard, wood, corrugated iron, plastic sheeting and metal from oil drums
lack of sanitation, clean drinking water and open sewers
pollution and disease are common
thousands of workshops and people employed in the informal job sectorCash-in-hand jobs where people do not pay taxes to the government.