Newton’s Laws – WJECNewton’s First Law

In 1687, Isaac Newton created three laws of motion to describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and how the body moves in response to those forces.

Part ofPhysics (Single Science)Forces, space and radioactivity

Newton’s First Law

Balanced forces

Newton’s First Law states that a body will continue in its state of rest or , in a straight line unless a net or acts upon it.

This simply means that balanced forces will have no effect on the motion of an object.

  • It could be still.
  • It could be moving at constant velocity (a steady speed in a straight line).
  • It could be hovering or floating.

Newton's First Law

A car with 2 forces acting either side of it. On the left is Drag, which measures 5,000 newtons. On the right is Thrust, which also measures 5,000 newtons.

The forces acting on this car are balanced. The thrust is equal and opposite to the drag. There is no net (or resultant) force as the forces add up to zero. The car will be travelling at constant speed in a straight line.

A car with 2 forces acting on it. The downward force is labelled 'Weight'. The upward force is labelled 'Normal reaction force of ground on car'.
Figure caption,
These forces balance. The car is still.
A ship with 2 forces acting on it. The downward force is labelled 'Weight'. The upward force is labelled 'Upthrust'.
Figure caption,
These forces balance. The boat floats.