Impacts of digital technology on wider society - EduqasRegulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000

The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) 2000 provides a framework for investigatory techniques and safeguards against their potential abuse.

RIPA details how certain organisations, such as the police or government agencies, are allowed to:

• intercept communications, such as phone calls, texts and emails
• collect and share data linked to communications
• monitor internet activity
• carry out surveillance, such as monitoring, observing or listening to people, their movements, conversations or other activities.

Surveillance can also take the form of:

• monitoring CCTV cameras
• using body worn cameras
• using covert human intelligence sources (eg undercover agents)
• acquiring and gaining access to passwords for electronic data and access encrypted data.

RIPA is intended to help protect citizens, and it also allows the relevant authorities to investigate serious crime or national security matters, following strict guidance.

Unauthorised interception of communications is a criminal offence, which can lead to fines or imprisonment.

Improper use of surveillance can lead to:

• court cases, if people sue for breach of privacy
• disciplinary action for any employees carrying out unauthorised surveillance
• investigations and penalties from organisations, such as the Investigatory Powers Tribunal.