Revise: Gas laws and the kinetic modelGas volume and temperature at constant pressure

The behaviour of gases is described in terms of the kinetic theory, which considers the motion of molecules in the gas. The gas law links pressure, volume and temperature.

Part ofPhysicsRevision guides: Properties of matter

Volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure

We can do a similar experiment on a fixed amount of gas where we seal it in a container with a moveable stopper.

We heat the gas and the gas expands forcing the stopper along the container. The temperature and the corresponding volume of the gas were measured as the experiment was conducted. The following graph of volume against temperature was plotted.

Graph of volume over temperature. A line goes from -250 C with a negative volume up and to the right to 100 C and a positive value

Using these results we find:

\(\frac{V}{T} (k) = constant\,\,value\)

This leads us to the relationship \(\frac{V1}{T1} = \frac{V2}{T2}\).

This is very similar to the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas on the previous page. The volume of a gas (at constant pressure) will change in direct proportion to its temperature in Kelvin.