Environmental, social and economic challenges - EdexcelEnvironmental, social and economic issues

There are several methods that designers can utilise to help create a more sustainable product, including:

• fair trade
• carbon offsetting
• product disassembly
• disposal of waste

Fair trade

Fair trade helps disadvantaged farmers or producers in developing countries by promoting fair trading conditions and combatting poverty.

'Fairtrade' certifies products that meet high economic, environmental and social standards. Farmers will have received a fair price for their product and have decent working conditions.

Carbon offsetting

All manufacturers use energy, the level of which can be measured through their carbon footprint. A carbon footprint is a number, often measured in grams, kilograms or tonnes, that represents the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other equivalent greenhouse gases that are associated with an individual, product, person or even country. The bigger a product’s carbon footprint, the larger its contribution to global warming.

Companies can utilise carbon offsetting schemes to reduce the amount of energy they use, eg encouraging staff to use public transport, electric vehicles, walk or cycle to work, using renewable energies or planting trees.

Product disassembly

When creating products, companies can use parts that can be recycled, or reused by disassembly, or that will biodegrade when sent to landfill. Products made from several materials and components are difficult to recycle as it is difficult to separate the parts. Also, products that can be repaired or improved are likely to last longer.

Disposal of waste

It is important to reduce the amount of waste materials created in the manufacture of a product to ensure minimal impact on the environment. When a product wears out or is replaced, it should be disposed of in the most environmentally friendly way possible.