Whole numbers - EdexcelAdding and subtracting whole numbers

Numbers can be written in words. Both positive and negative numbers can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided using rules. These rules must be applied in a specific order.

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Adding and subtracting whole numbers

Column addition

Numbers can be added together using the column method which involves writing one number underneath the other.

Example

What is \(343 + 315\)?

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Start from the units column: 3 + 5 = 8
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In the tens column: 40 + 10 = 50. 5 is written in the tens column as this is worth 50
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In the hundreds column: 300 + 300 = 600. 6 is written in the hundreds column as this is worth 600
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The finished sum

Example

What is \(343 + 329\)?

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Start from the units column: 3 + 9 = 12, place a 2 in the units column and carry 10 to the tens column by placing a 1
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In the tens column: 40 + 20 + 10 = 70
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In the hundreds column: 300 + 300 = 600
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The finished sum

Question

Using column addition, work out the value of \(427 + 363\).

Column subtraction

Numbers can also be subtracted using the column method.

Example

What is \(548 - 125\)?

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Start from the units column: 8 - 5 = 3
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In the tens column: 40 - 20 = 20. 2 is written in the tens column as this is worth 20
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In the hundreds column: 500 - 100 = 400. 4 is written in the hundreds column as this is worth 400
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The finished subtraction

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Start from the units column: 3 - 7
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It is not possible to subtract 7 from 3 so exchange one ten from the tens column for ten units: 13 - 7 = 6
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In the tens column, one 10 has been exchanged so 40 becomes 30: 30 – 30 = 0
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In the hundreds column: 300 - 200 = 100. 1 is written in the hundreds column as this is worth 100
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The finished subtraction

Question

Using column subtraction, work out the value of \(427 - 363\).

Multiplying and dividing whole numbers

Ordering whole numbers

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