Three-bedroom semi, off-street parking, 100ft garden, double glazing, in pleasant residential area close to local amenities and newly-opened foul-smelling tannery.

With one eye on the estate agents' window, any self-respecting player of Property Price Poker is duty-bound to be interested in what is happening locally and what impact it might have on their lifestyle.

Be it a new dual carriageway, an airport, or - in the case of Throckmorton, Newton and Bicester - accommodation centres for asylum seekers, householders can be among the toughest opponents of planning proposals.

Not over my back yard

And ask any campaigner what is the most valuable weapon in their armoury, and top of the list, beating even petitions, posters and placards, is the endorsement of a celebrity. The villagers of Throckmorton have exactly that in fellow local Toyah Willcox.

In coming years, the demonstration may well be followed by people protesting against:

• drug and alcohol treatment centres
• an estimated 4m new homes
• hostels for youth offenders and sex offenders
• even Lord Birt's proposed new toll motorways

But consider those - or any other - protesters for a moment.

Are they:

A) plucky ordinary folk who are just standing up for themselves the same way anyone would? Or

B) Nimbys, a jibe oozing with subtexts of accusations of preciousness, self-interest, hypocrisy and vanity.

Our English countryside is one of the most heavily man-made habitats in Europe. To make it into a green museum would be to belie its whole history

Nicholas Ridley, 1988

To be called a Nimby can be a devastating insult, undermining one's well argued case and labelling it a simply a statement of self-interest.

The word was first recorded in 1980, but for a British audience it was the late Nicholas Ridley, an arch Thatcher-loyalist, who brought it to wider usage, in the late 80s.

As environment secretary, Ridley had no fear in appearing abrasive. He was, after all, the man in charge of the poll tax.

Nicholas Ridley: It's not a museum

He also used his position to attack the rural middle classes for their opposition to development, calling it "crude Nimbyism".

At the root of distaste for Nimbys is a belief that the protesters are putting their own interests ahead of the needs of society, and that their objections are selfish rather than principled.

It's an analysis which was only strengthened when Ridley himself was later revealed to be opposing the building of new houses which he would have been able to see from his Cotswold country home.

Mike Haslam of the Royal Town Planning Institute maintains that Nimbyism is in no-one's interest. The reason property is expensive now, he says, is because people have opposed the building of new houses in the past. Nimbyism has cost everyone thousands.

If you're going to take issues seriously, you do so locally, otherwise it becomes a bit hypothetical

Peter Kunzlik, law lecturer

But environmental lawyer Professor Peter Kunzlik says the instinct to be a Nimby can be valuable. While he disagrees with the Throckmorton protesters - his father was a refugee from Hitler - he says Nimbyism can be for the greater good.

"One of the slogans that came after the Rio Summit was Think Globally, Act Locally. Governments claim to want everybody to do that, and so far as the environment is concerned, where do you experience it? It's where you live.

Toyah Willcox: It's the policy at fault

"So if you're going to take issues seriously, you do so locally, otherwise it becomes a bit hypothetical."

Balancing collective and individual interests is the job of politics. Some people point to the French example where the common good is held up as a sufficient reason to ensure that big development projects such as airports and railway lines proceed.

Others point out that if a house is compulsorily purchased in the UK, the owner will get 100% of its value: in France they would get 125%. Money can talk, they say.

One difficulty for the protests against accommodation centres is that any public support from them could be undermined if they were to forget they are not campaigning against an airport or road. Many asylum seekers are vulnerable and traumatised. All are human beings.

So the key to their success may well lie in being able to show not that the residents simply don't want asylum seekers in their area, but that the policy itself is misguided.

Hence Toyah Willcox told reporters this week that the Throckmorton residents were not anti-asylum seekers and were not racists. In other words, although she didn't say it, they were not Nimbys.