This takes into account educational benefit, building capacity and occupancy, transport arrangements and the wider community impact.
The full proposals will go before the council's executive committee on 23 January, with further discussion planned for a meeting of the full council six days later.
If approved, the proposed consultation process, including a series of public meetings, would last for six weeks.
A final decision taken by the council would be expected by 23 April.
Glasgow City Council leader, Councillor Steven Purcell, said many of the schools and nurseries identified for possible closure were "crumbling and half empty".
Councillor Steven Purcell explains the proposal to shut schools
"Children deserve to be in better accommodation, but in this financial climate we cannot afford to build new schools and nurseries through prudential borrowing," he said.
"In addition, the Scottish Government refuses to use PPP and there is no sign of its suggested replacement, the Scottish Futures Trust, being able to provide the schools and nurseries we need.
"In my opinion, our only option is to merge schools and nurseries. We plan to spend �5m improving the receiving schools and nurseries.
"The young people affected by the mergers will, in future, receive a better education in better accommodation."
The SNP group on Glasgow City Council called for each school to be looked at on its merits and warned against a "blanket" of cuts.
Councillor Patricia Gibson, education spokeswoman for the SNP, added: "Labour's claims that the Scottish Futures Trust (SFT) is unready to meet the needs of Glasgow schools are simply not true.
"Taxpayers in Glasgow will be paying for Labour's discredited PPP secondary school project for decades; that Labour-controlled Glasgow has chosen not to be among the councils working constructively with the Scottish Government on the SFT proposal is very disappointing".
Some parents have contacted BBC Scotland to express their anger over the proposals.
'Sham consultation'
Agnes Green from Glasgow said: "I've just been told that my son will have to move schools in August if this proposal goes through.
"I can't believe the council was so underhanded. We were told three years ago that there was a new school getting built in the Ruchill area.
"Now my child's supposed to go to Westercommon Primary in Possilpark. No way. I'm not standing for this."
Paul McMillan from Glasgow said: "It's clear that this is a financially motivated decision as Glasgow City Council expects to save �3.7m per year from these closures.
"There will be the all too familiar sham consultation process, and then the plans will be rubber-stamped by the council.
"Merging nurseries and primary schools into large groups will not lead to better education for children.
"The positive ethos and atmosphere which many of these smaller establishments currently have will be lost."
The council said it had spent �550m on school building improvement over the past 10 years - building 64 new schools and refurbishing five others.
These projects were funded using Public Private Partnership (PPP) funding, borrowing and receipts generated from the sale of surplus land and property.
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