The Israelis had used the 10 years since the Sinai invasion to build up their air force. When Egypt's President Nasser asked for the UN monitoring force in the Sinai to be removed, sent an army there himself, closed the Straits of Tiran (blockading Eilat again) and called for Arab action against Israel, the Israelis saw this as a cause for war.
They launched their air force with devastating effect in a pre-emptive strike against Egypt and followed up with victories over Jordan and Syria. The war ended after six days, with Israel in control of the Sinai, Gaza, the West Bank, the Golan Heights and Jerusalem.
But despite Israeli jubilation, the war did not settle the issue between Israel and its neighbours and the Palestinians.
It led to Security Council resolution 242, the basis of subsequent efforts to trade land for peace. The resolution called for an Israeli withdrawal from "territories occupied in the recent conflict" and for all states in the region to be able to "live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries". It also led to Israel beginning the settlement of the "territories occupied".
One-Minute World News 
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