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 Words in the News
INTRO 
 BBC Correspondents Richard Hollingham and Pam O’Toole reported on the reasons for the severity of the recent earthquake in Turkey.
IN FULL 
 AudioListen to the report in full
Earthquake in Turkey

19th August 1999

Turkish Earthquake

NEWS 1 The earthquake struck in an area prone to tremors. It’s at the junction of the two continents of Europe and Africa where the earth’s crust is broken and fragmented. One of the world’s major geological faults passes through the region. The North Anatolian Fault and its branches cross several built up areas and earthquakes aren’t unusual. However, this latest is particularly violent. Its effects are made worse as the ground is made up of sediment rather than hard rock and can in effect swallow buildings much like quicksand. Scientists from the British Geological Survey who have visited Turkey have expressed concern over the buildings in the area. The number of deaths from similar tremors in areas of the United States and Japan has been lower largely due to the buildings being designed to withstand earthquakes.
WORDS 
 

earthquake: a shaking of the ground caused by movement of the Earth's crust

prone to tremors: likely to suffer from earthquakes

earth’s crust: the Earth's surface

broken and fragmented: split into small parts

North Anatolian Fault: one of several areas, such as the San Andreas Fault in North America, where earthquakes are common

built up areas: usually inner cities with a large number of buildings and therefore a large population

sediment: soft deposits

quicksand: a deep soft sand which people can easily sink inot when walking on it

to withstand: to resist

NEWS 2 One of the problems is that many construction companies simply flout building regulations laid down by the Turkish authorities. Engineers accuse some Turkish builders of using poor quality reinforcing bars and skimping on cement. Such problems are compounded by migration from poor rural areas to major cities. The new arrivals often build their own houses or shacks from whatever materials they can find.
WORDS  

flout: ignore

laid down: issued an official order

authorities: a word commonly used in news reports for official bodies such as the police, the judiciary or a local council

skimping: using less of a quantity than you really need in order to save money

compounded by: made worse by

shacks: small huts or poorly built houses

  Read more about earthquakes in BBC News Online

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