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Rwandese rebel leader, Ignace Murwanashyaka and his deputy Straton Musoni, are being held on suspicion of terrorism and crimes against humanity, in Germany.
His group, known as the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), fled to Congo after the 1994 genocide, during which nearly one million people were killed.
The FDLR has been accused of carrying out many of the killings during the genocide.
UN officials say Mr Murwanashyaka directed the group's operations.
Ally Yusufu Mugenzi, is the editor of the BBC Great Lakes section, he told Focus on Africa how significant Murwanashyaka's arrest is.
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