IN: Nick Walshe (Sale); Joe Maddock (Canterbury); Christian Loader (Celtic Warriors); Frikkie Welsh (Bulls).

OUT: Joe Mbu (Harlequins); Iain Balshaw (Leeds); Mike Catt (London Irish); Kevin Maggs (Ulster); Wylie Human (Northampton); Jon Mills (Scarlets); Scott Gray (Borders); Hentie Martens (released); Ross Blake (Bristol); Jamie Williams (released).

IN: Christo Bezuidenhout (Bulls); James Bailey (Bristol); Gary Powell (Leeds); Adam Balding (Leicester); Olivier Azam (Montferrand); James Parkes (Saracens); Terry Sigley (Pertemps Bees), Nathan Mauger (Canterbury Crusaders).

OUT: Andy Deacon (retired); Steve Brotherstone (retired); Junior Paramore (Bedford); Trevor Woodman (Sale); Rodrigo Roncero (Stade Francais); Robert Todd (Sale); Thinus Delport (Worcester); Paul Johnstone (released).

IN: Dafydd James (Celtic Warriors); Jeremy Staunton (Munster); Maurice Fitzgerald (Biarritz); Joe Mbu (Bath); Maama Molitika (Celtic Warriors); Steven So'oialo (Orrell).

OUT: Pat Sanderson (Worcester); Paul Burke (Munster); Chris Bell (Leeds); Jason Leonard (retired); Bill Davison (retired); Josh Taumalolo (Sale); Scott Bemand (Leicester); Rob Jewell; Matt Moore; Ben Willis (Beziers); Laurent Gomez (Lyon).

IN: Iain Balshaw (Bath); Tim Stimpson (Perpignan); Rayno Gerber (Cheetahs); Pierre Uys (Stormers); Chris Murphy (Pau); Jon Dunbar (Newcastle); Chris Bell (Harlequins); Richard Parks (Celtic Warriors); Mark McMillan (Glasgow).

OUT: Dan Scarbrough (Saracens); Matt Salter (Bristol); Clive Stuart-Smith (Worcester); Gary Powell (Gloucester); Tristan Davies (Cardiff Blues); Aaron Persico (Agen); James Ponton, Phil Murphy, Ryan Walker (all released).

IN: Phil Mack (fitness coach - South Africa), Seru Rabeni (Highlanders), Ephraim Taukafa (Northern Suburbs); Scott Bemand (Harlequins); Richard Cockerill (Montferrand); Alex Tuilagi (Parma); Andy Tuilagi (Samoa); Roger Warren (Marist St Joseph).

OUT: Dorian West (retired); Jaco van der Westhuyzen (Japan); Adam Balding (Gloucester); James Richards (Dragons); Freddie Tuilagi (Cardiff Blues); Ramiro Pez; Joseph Ajuwa; Yomi Akinyemi; Neil Baxter; Peter Clarke; Stuart Friswell (Plymouth); Glenn Gelderbloom (Plymouth); Steve Glitherow; Nathan Jones; Luke Myring (Loughborough); Ricky Nebbett (Leinster); Tim Taylor (Nelson Bay); Andrew Powell (Dragons); Tom Tierney (Connacht); Jamie Hamilton (retired).

IN: Mike Catt (Bath); Peter Poulos (Japan); Scott Staniforth (Waratahs); Robbie Russell (Saracens); Paul Hodgson (Bristol); Rodd Penney (Orrell); Richard Skuse (Bristol); Tony Roques (Saracens).

OUT: Naka Drotske (Staines); Ed Thrower (Wasps); Chris Sheasby (Staines); Rob Hoadley (Wasps).

IN: Andy Long (Rotherham); Ross Nesdale (forwards coach, NZ) ; Mike McCarthy (Connacht); Colin Charvis (Tarbes), Luke Gross (Rotherham); Semo Sititi (Borders), Matthew Burke (New South Wales).

OUT: Andrew Blades (forwards, coach, NZ); Hugh Vyvyan (Saracens); Jon Dunbar (Leeds); Phil Godman (Edinburgh); Nick Makin (Rotherham); Ben Gollings (Worcester); Warren Britz (Natal Sharks); Garath Archer (retired); Mark Andrews (retired).

IN: Wylie Human (Bath); Damien Browne (Connacht); John Rudd (Wasps); Selbourne Boome (Stormers); Robbie Kempson (Ulster); James Ross (Bedford Blues), Johan van Wyk (Border Bulldogs - SA); Marc Stcherbina (Biarritz); Corne Krige (Stormers); Ben Russell (Saracens).

OUT: Mark Connors (Japan); John Leslie (Otago); Nick Beal (retired); Matt Dawson (Wasps); Jon Phillips (Bedford); Tevita Taumoepeau (Bourgoin); James Brooks (Wasps).

IN: Sebastien Chabal (Bourgoin); Sebastien Bruno (Beziers); Ignacio Fernandez Lobbe (Castres); John Payne (Tonga); Trevor Woodman (Gloucester); Sililo Martens (Celtic Warriors); Josh Taumalolo (Harlequins); Robert Todd (Gloucester).

OUT: Alex Sanderson (Saracens); Iain Fullarton (Saracens); Kevin Yates (Saracens); Matt Cairns (Saracens); Andy Kyriacou (Saracens); Nick Walshe (Bath); Dan Harris (Saracens); Vaughan Going (Beziers).

IN: Dan Scarbrough (Leeds); Alex Sanderson (Sale); Iain Fullarton (Sale); Kevin Yates (Sale); Matt Cairns (Sale); Andy Kyriacou (Sale); Hugh Vyvyan (Newcastle); Nick Lloyd (Rotherham); Mark Bartholomeusz (ACT); Mosese Rauluni (Brisbane Easts), Ben Russell (Northampton); Glen Jackson (Waikato Chiefs); Dan Harris (Sale); Pila Fifita (North Otago), Tevita Vaikona (Bradford rugby league); Joe Bedford (Sale).

OUT: Robbie Russell (London Irish); Craig Yandell (retired); James Parkes (Gloucester); Adryan Winnan (Tarbes); Nathan McAvoy (Salford rugby league); Tony Roques (London Irish); Steven Sparks (Worcester); Johnny Marsters; Joe Ross; Daniel Legge; Dan Kirton; Denis Cech; Darragh O'Mahony; Ryan Peacey (all released); Ben Russell (Northampton); Emiliano Bergamaschi (Argentina).

IN: Matt Dawson (Northampton); Matt Priscott (Waikato); Ed Thrower (London Irish); Henry Nwume (Oxford University); James Brooks (Northampton); Rob Hoadley (London Irish).

OUT: Paul Volley (Castres); Mark Denney (Castres); John Rudd (Northampton); Kenny Logan (Glasgow); Shane Roiser (released).

IN: Pat Sanderson (Harlequins); Clive Stuart-Smith (Leeds), Thomas Lombard (Stade Francais), Chris Horsman (Celtic Warriors); Thinus Delport (Gloucester); Ben Gollings (Newcastle), Andre van Niekerk (Golden Lions, SA); Tom Bowman (New South Wales); Leon Greef (Rotherham); Brad McLeod-Henderson (Rotherham); Steven Sparks (Saracens); Dale Rasmussen (Exeter); Siaosi Vaili (Exeter)

OUT: Werner Swanepoel (South Africa); Christian Evans (retired); David Officer (retired); Richard Bates (South Africa); Chris Garrard (released); Nnamdi Ezulike (released).