Carrick, who limped off after 25 minutes of United's 1-1 draw with the Magpies, has been replaced in the England squad by Tottenham's Jermaine Jenas.
United hope he will be fit to return against Liverpool on 13 September.
Ferguson's side, who also lost Ryan Giggs to a hamstring injury during Sunday's game, while young striker Fraizer Campbell also picked up a knock, were already without a long list of players.
Cristiano Ronaldo, Louis Saha, Park Ji-Sung and Owen Hargreaves are all injured, winger Nani is suspended, midfielder Anderson is on Olympic duty with Brazil and Carlos Tevez missed the game against Newcastle game after flying back to Argentina following a family bereavement.
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