Thomas Copeland
BBC Verify Live journalist

We’ve reported on a variety of stories on BBC Verify Live today, so here’s a recap of what we’ve covered:

• Iran – as student protests continued for a fifth day, we’ve verified footage of the demonstrations in Tehran, Mashhad and Shiraz
• Middle East military build-up – satellite images reveal more US aircraft have arrived at a key air base in Jordan
• State of the Union – we’ve fact-checked President Donald Trump’s claims about inflation, fuel prices, crime and immigration
• Ukraine – we’ve used satellite imagery to analyse a reported attack on a Russian oil depot

And in the UK, new government data shows that fines have been issued in just 5% of reported fly-tipping cases in England over the last year.

You can find more from the BBC Verify team by joining us again on tomorrow’s live page.

Thomas Spencer
BBC Verify researcher

Image source, Facebook

We’ve been looking at a video that appears to show a fatal Turkish air force fighter jet crash.

Turkish officials later confirmed that one of its F-16 fighter jets crashed in the early hours of Wednesday shortly after take-off, killing the pilot.

The video we have reviewed likely shows the moment of impact on or very near to a major road.

Although the nighttime footage contains few landmarks apart from the highway, we have been able to identify the location of the crash by comparing the video with images of the site taken later in the day.

These show Turkish emergency services attending at the crash site on a motorway in Balikesir province in the north-west of the country, in the area where officials said the aircraft went down.

Although principally a US-designed and manufactured aircraft, Turkey also now builds the F-16 aircraft under license.

The Turkish defence ministry has launched an investigation into the crash.

Emma Pengelly and Farida Elsebai
BBC Verify

BBC Verify has geolocated and verified footage that first appeared on Tuesday showing multiple buildings of a Ukrainian school with severe structural damage, scattered debris, a rooftop on fire, and shattered windows.

The school is located in the Dnipropetrovsk region, close to the front line with Russian forces, and about 75km (47 miles) east of the city of Zaporizhzhia.

Oleksandr Ganzha, head of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Military Administration, has said that multiple strikes damaged the school as well as several houses and a three-story residential building with aerial bombs and a drone.

Ganzha added that one person was hospitalised but there were no other deaths or fatalities. It is unclear whether the school was functioning prior to the attack.

Image source, Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraine

Andrew Picken and Aimee Stanton
BBC Scotland

The Scottish Government has said 16 new walk-in clinics will deliver over one million additional GP and nurse appointments, but BBC Verify analysis suggests this figure needs context and there are questions over how quickly that commitment can be achieved.

The one million appointments commitment applies for a period of a year when all 16 clinics fully up and running. This is likely to be by the summer at the earliest.

Details on each clinic's capacity have not yet been released, but BBC Verify has some indicative data.A bid document for three clinics in the NHS Grampian area, released under freedom of information laws, shows it is planning for 90,720 patient slots a year across three proposed sites in Aberdeen, Elgin and Peterhead.

Meanwhile, a clinic in Edinburgh which opened earlier this month is expecting to see up to 21,360 patients over a year, the clinal director for NHS Lothian has said.

Elsewhere, NHS Fife last month submitted plans for a walk-in clinic in Buckhaven with an annual projected appointment capacity of 64,240 - but this proposal has not yet been agreed.

Dr Chris Provan, chairman of the Royal College of General Practitioners Scotland, said: "It is not clear how the 16 pilot sites will achieve the Scottish government's promise of one million appointments per year.”

You can read our full breakdown of the plan here.

Amy Jackson
BBC Verify data journalist

Fixed penalty notices were issued in 5% of all recorded fly-tipping incidents in England for 2024/25, according to figures released by the Department for Environment, Farming and Rural Affairs.

A total 1.26 million incidents of fly-tipping were reported, up 9% from the year before and the highest since before the Covid-19 pandemic.

Most of these cases are single items and bin bags, or car boot loads of rubbish. The data also shows fly-tipped items are most commonly left on the roadside or on footpaths.

The most common response by authorities was opening an investigation, which could result in no action being taken. The next most common was issuing a fixed penalty notice in 5% of cases, followed closely by issuing a warning letter.

An individual can be prosecuted if they fail to pay a fine or persistently fly-tip. In 2024/25, there were 1,365 successful prosecutions, fewer than 1% of all recorded incidents.

By far the most common outcome of a recorded fly-tipping incident was no enforcement action, which was the case in 55% of incidents.

Ghoncheh Habibiazad and Sarah Jalali
BBC Persian and BBC Monitoring

We’ve verified new videos showing anti-government student protests in Iran continuing for a fifth day, including in the capital Tehran and the major cities of Shiraz and Mashhad.

The current demonstrations, the first large-scale protests since the brutal crackdown on nationwide unrest in January, have mainly taken place in and around university campuses. At several institutions, hundreds of students have been heard chanting anti-establishment slogans.

Image source, Telegram/Public_anjmotahed

We've also verified footage of armed security forces present near two institutions, the University of Pars in Tehran and Shiraz University in the southern Fars province.

In the footage from Pars, students can be seen standing outside the campus chanting "this is the last battle, Pahlavi will return", a reference to former crown prince Reza Pahlavi. His father was overthrown in 1979 during the Islamic Revolution.

We have also verified clips outside Pars university showing security forces on motorcycles.

Image source, Telegram/Public_anjmotahed

Student protests began as universities across the country reopened on Saturday after being closed since 4 January, officially due to "severely cold conditions". Critics say the closures were intended to prevent protests.

Reports published by Iranian media since yesterday say that all classes in at least three universities have been moved online, likely in an attempt to quell the spread of demonstrations.

Lucy Gilder
BBC Verify journalist

During the State of the Union speech last night, US President Donald Trump claimed under his predecessor Joe Biden migrants had “poured in by the millions” and among them were “11,888 murderers”.

It is true that US authorities recorded millions of migrants crossing the border under the Biden administration, but there’s no evidence about this many murderers entering during this period.

Trump may be referring to figures published in a September 2024 letter from US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to a Republican congressman. , external

It showed that, as of July 2024, there were 425,431 non-citizens with criminal convictions on ICE’s "non-detained docket" - a database of people facing deportation proceedings but not held in ICE custody.Of those, 13,099 had been convicted of homicide.

However, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), which oversees ICE, said at the time that the figures covered a period of several decades and included migrants who had entered the US under the first Trump presidency and previous administrations.

BBC Verify reported on the letter and the misleading claims Trump made about it during the 2024 presidential election.

Tom Spencer and Daniele Palumbo
BBC Verify

Recent satellite images show the presence of additional aircraft at a key US air base in Jordan, as Washington continues its military build-up in the Middle East and the Trump administration considers strikes on Iran.

The images, captured by Planet Labs on 21 February, indicate more transport aircraft and fighter jets have been deployed at Muwaffaq Salti Air Base, located 28 miles (45km) from the Jordan-Iraq border.

The images also show a significant quantity of what appears to be equipment unloaded from two newly arrived C-17 Globemaster transport aircraft.

The equipment appears to have been deposited in areas close to the aircrafts initially, being moved in other parts of the base where, in other images, we can also see an increase in the number of containers.

Another parking area has also been filled up with what appear to be 24 F-35 fighter jets.

Aisha Sembhi
BBC Verify journalist

We cover AI-generated fakes and manipulations almost every day on BBC Verify Live. This content is becoming increasingly sophisticated so it's more difficult than ever to separate it from what is real.

But how do we know when something is AI-generated? We put together this 90-second guide talking you through four methods we use to identify the fakes.

Have a watch below:

Farida Elsebai
BBC Verify

Satellite images captured on Tuesday show an oil depot in Russia’s Tatarstan region on fire following a reported Ukrainian drone attack on Monday night.

Local officials and Russian media reported explosions and fire in the early hours of Monday morning at the facility run by Transneft, which is around 750 miles (1,200 km) from the Ukrainian border.

We verified footage from Monday showing the depot ablaze, and later confirmed through subsequent videos that heavy smoke and fire were still visible into early Tuesday morning.

Satellite imagery captured by Planet Labs indicates that two large cylindrical oil storage tanks at the facility were damaged.

The UK has announced on Tuesday nearly 300 new sanctions on Russia. Among the named entities was Transneft, which is one of the world’s largest oil pipeline companies and is responsible for transporting over 80% of Russian oil exports.

Jake Horton
BBC Verify

BBC Verify’s fact-checking team was listening to US President Donald Trump’s marathon State of the Union address to Congress last night.

He told US lawmakers that the "country is winning again" and made the economy and affordability key themes of the speech, which lasted an hour and 47 minutes.

Trump was right to say that the rate of inflation has slowed since he took office at the start of last year, although prices are still rising at 2.4% a year.

However several of his claims on the economy were exaggerated - including that gasoline in the US “is now below $2.30 a gallon in most states and in some places $1.99 a gallon”.

As of 24 February, the national average price for a gallon of gasoline - or petrol - in the US was $2.95 (£2.57), according to the Automobile Association, external(AAA), external.

The only state we could find anywhere near $2.30 a gallon is Oklahoma with an average price of $2.37 a gallon. That is the state with the lowest average price listed by the AAA., external

During Trump's speech, the website GasBuddy, external said drivers could buy gasoline at below $2 per gallon at four stations out of an estimated 150,000 in the US.

You can read more fact-checks in our full piece here.

Sarah Jalali, Ghoncheh Habibiazad and Shayan Sardarizadeh
BBC Monitoring, BBC Persian and BBC Verify

Verified video shows student-led protests in Iran have taken place at least 13 universities since Saturday, after footage emerged yesterday of demonstrations at several new major institutions.

Among them is Sajjad University of Technology in Mashhad, Iran’s second-largest city. One video shows a group of students at the university's main courtyard chanting against the paramilitary volunteer Basij force, part of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) branch of Iran’s military, whose members have been clashing with student protesters this week.

Footage filmed at the Shandiz Institute of Higher Education, also in Mashhad, shows students holding a gathering near the university's main building.

Image source, Telegram/EEAUT

We’ve also confirmed several videos from Khajeh Nasir University in the capital Tehran. In one clip, pro and anti-government protesters can be seen in front of the school of mechanical engineering.

Anti-government students are heard chanting “long live the Shah”, while pro-government students wave the flag of the Islamic Republic.

Science minister Hossein Simaei-Sarraf said in a video published by Iranian media yesterday that he would not tolerate any instances of “rioting” at universities.

We will continue to monitor the latest from Iran today and verify new footage of the ongoing protests.

Adam Durbin
BBC Verify Live senior journalist

Verified videos show protests are ongoing at universities in Iran, after days of student-led demonstrations have been held at least 13 institutions across the country since the weekend. Footage we have reviewed shows students chanting against Iran’s security forces and in support of the former monarch, as well as counter-protesters waving Iranian flags in support of the government.

We’re also monitoring the ongoing build-up of US military planes and warships in the Middle East as the the Trump administration continues to apply pressure to Iran and float the possibility of strikes. In his State of the Union address yesterday, Donald Trump said his “preference is to solve this problem through diplomacy”, but also made clear he would “never allow” Iran to have nuclear weapons.

Also on the US president’s speech to US congress, our fact checkers have examined some of the wide-ranging and misleading claims Trump made over the course of his 107-minute address.