Cells
Cell division and its role in growth and repair
Animal, plant, fungal and bacterial cells divide to allow an increase in number and the repair of damaged cells in multicellular organisms.
The therapeutic use of cells
Genetic engineering is the transfer of DNA between organisms. Bacteria receiving human DNA can produce proteins such as insulin. Stem cells can potentially develop into specialised body parts.
The properties of microorganisms and enzymes and their use in industry
In industry, microscopic yeast and bacteria are used to produce a variety of products, such as bread and beer, and enzymes are used in products such as washing detergents.
Properties of enzymes and use in industries
Enzymes speed up the biological reactions necessary for life. Each type is specifically shaped to carry out one reaction. Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature.
Controversial biological procedures
Modern biotechnology techniques such as gene therapy and genetic engineering have potentially beneficial outcomes in healthcare and food manufacture but it is argued that there are risks involved.
Video playlist
The difference between cells, tissues and organs. Video
An explanation of how cells make up tissues which in turn make up organs.
Plant and animal cell structures. Video
A look at the cells of different organisms and a comparison of structures.
