Creu trafodaeth - Gweithio mewn grŵp - Cymraeg - Cyfnod Allweddol 2

Ffocws dysgu

Dysga sut i gyfrannu’n bwrpasol i drafodaeth grŵp er mwyn dod i’r canlyniadau y cytunwyd arnynt.

Mae'r wers hon yn cynnwys:

tri gweithgaredd

Learning focus

Learn how to contribute purposefully to group discussion to achieve agreed outcomes.

This lesson includes:

three activities

For an English version of this lesson, scroll below.

Gweithio fel grŵp

Mae'n bwysig i gydweithio os wyt ti'n aelod o grŵp trafod. Gwna’n siŵr dy fod yn cofio'r pwyntiau yma:

gwrando ar eich gilydd
ymateb i gyfraniadau eich gilydd
dechrau brawddegau'n wahanol ac yn ddiddorol
rhoi cyfle i bob aelod o'r grŵp gyfrannu
gofyn cwestiynau i'ch gilydd
ychwanegu at gyfraniadau eich gilydd
mynegi eich barn yn glir
dod â'r wybodaeth at ei gilydd
dod i benderfyniad terfynol

Y gadair goch

Weithiau mewn trafodaeth, bydd rhaid i ti holi person arall, gan ofyn cwestiynau er mwyn cael gwybodaeth benodol.

Er mwyn holi'r person hwnnw, fe allwn ei holi tra ei fod yn eistedd mewn cadair arbennig - sef y gadair goch.

Weithiau, fe all y person yn y gadair goch esgus fod yn gymeriad arall - naill ai person sy'n fyw nawr, neu gymeriad hanesyddol, ee:

Llywydd y Senedd
Mari Jones o'r Bala
Syr Harri Morgan, môr-leidr Cymreig o'r 17eg ganrif
actor teledu neu ffilm
enwogion o'r byd chwaraeon

Mewn tasg o'r fath, mae'n bwysig peidio â mynegi dy farn bersonol di, ond yn hytrach y cymeriad yr wyt ti’n esgus ei actio.

Fe allwn ni gael hwyl yn gwisgo dillad y byddai'r cymeriad hwnnw'n ei wisgo, neu drwy siarad yn union fel y byddai'r cymeriad hwnnw'n ei wneud,

Mae'n bwysig ystyried beth yw safbwynt y person, a rhaid meddwl am bwyntiau da i gefnogi'r safbwynt. Ond cofia, efallai bydd y safbwynt a'r farn yn wahanol i dy safbwynt personol di!

Cwestiynau agored

Wrth holi eraill, cofia ei bod yn bwysig gofyn cwestiynau agored, oherwydd rydyn ni'n cael gwybod mwy am y pwnc dan sylw mewn atebion i gwestiynau agored.

Pam?

Mae cwestiynau agored yn gofyn am ymateb sy'n rhoi mwy o wybodaeth na chwestiwn caeëdig. Mae'n rhoi cyfle i'r person sy'n ymateb i siarad mwy, yn hytrach nag ateb 'ie' neu 'nage' yn unig. Yn aml, dydy ymateb gydag 'ie' neu 'ydw', 'nage' neu 'nac ydw' ddim yn ateb digonol.

Enghreifftiau

Fe allet ti ofyn cwestiynau agored tebyg i'r rhai isod i ddisgybl sy'n esgus bod yn Mari Jones. Cerddodd Mari Jones o Lanfihangel-y-Pennant i'r Bala ac yn ôl, taith o dros 40 milltir, i gael ei Beibl yn 1800.

Roeddet ti wedi cerdded yn bell. Beth oedd yn mynd drwy dy feddwl tra roeddet ti'n cerdded y daith bell honno?
Sut oeddet ti'n teimlo pan dderbyniaist ti'r Beibl am y tro cyntaf gan Thomas Charles?

Fyddai 'ie' na 'nage' ddim yn atebion i'r cwestiynau hyn. Mae'r cwestiynau yn mynnu bod mwy o wybodaeth yn yr atebion.

Cwestiynau caeëdig

Mae cwestiynau caeëdig ar y llaw arall yn gofyn am ymateb syml a byr. Yn wahanol i gwestiynau agored, mae 'ie' neu 'ydw' yn atebion digonol.

Pam?

Mae cwestiynau caeëdig yn ffordd dda o gael gwybodaeth mewn ffordd syml ac uniongyrchol.

Enghreifftiau

Dyma gwestiynau caeëdig gallet ti ofyn i Mari Jones o'r Bala:

Oedd rhaid i ti gerdded yn bell?
Mae'n siwr dy fod yn teimlo'n gyffrous dros ben pan dderbyniaist ti'r Beibl am y tro cyntaf gan Thomas Charles?

Mae'r cwestiynau hyn yn mynnu'r atebion 'oedd' ac 'oeddwn' yn unig. Ond, gyda chwestiynau caeëdig, cofia hefyd fod modd i ti ymestyn dy ateb drwy ddefnyddio 'oherwydd' neu 'achos' a rhoi rheswm am dy farn neu dy safbwynt, er enghraifft.

Cwestiwn: Oedd rhaid i ti gerdded yn bell?
Ateb: Oedd, achos mae'r daith o Lanfihangel-y-Pennant i'r Bala ac yn ôl dros 40 milltir.

Gweithgaredd 1

Dyma rai cwestiynau agored a chaeëdig y gallet eu gofyn i Syr Harri Morgan, y môr-leidr Cymreig o'r 17eg ganrif.

Noda pa gwestiynau sy'n rhai agored a pha rai sy'n gaeëdig.

Wyt ti'n hoffi hwylio ar longau?
Pam?
Wyt ti wedi casglu llawer o drysor?
Beth wyt ti'n gallu dweud wrthyn ni am y trysor?
Oes barn bendant gen ti am ddwyn trysor?
Beth ydy'r farn honno?
Oeddet ti wedi mwynhau'r daith ar y llong?
Beth oedd y pethau da/pethau nad oedd cystal am y daith?
Ydy pob môr-leidr mor gas ag wyt ti?
Beth tybed sy'n gwneud môr-ladron yn gas?

Clicia yma i weld pa gwestiynau yw'r rhai agored a pha rai yw'r rhai caeëdig

Gweithgaredd 2

Nawr dy fod wedi cael hyd i'r cwestiynau caeëdig uchod yng Ngweithgaredd 1, beth yw'r atebion i'r cwestiynau hynny? Cofia nodi'r ateb cadarnhaol yn ogystal â'r ateb negyddol.

Clicia yma i weld yr atebion negyddol a chadarnhaol i'r cwestiynau caeëdig

Gweithgaredd 3

Mae grŵp o ddisgyblion wedi cael trafodaeth.

Ydy chwaraewyr pêl-droed yn ennill gormod o arian?

Darllena'r sylwadau isod a beth am wneud nodyn, ar ddarn o bapur neu yn ddigidol, o’r sylwadau sydd o blaid ac yn erbyn?

Does dim angen cymaint o arian ar unrhyw berson.
Maen nhw’n bobl dalentog dros ben sydd wedi gorfod gweithio’n hynod o galed i gael eu dewis i chwarae pêl-droed yn y timau gorau.
Nid yw chwarae gêm bêl-droed yn ddiwrnod cyfan o waith. Mae pobl eraill yn gorfod gweithio mwy o oriau bob dydd am lai o arian.
Dim ond nifer bach iawn o bobl sy’n llwyddo i fod yn chwaraewyr pêl-droed proffesiynol.
Mae meddygon yn arbed bywyd pobl ac yn ennill llawer llai o arian.
Mae’n rhy gostus i lawer fynd i wylio gêm pêl-droed. Petai’r chwaraewyr yn ennill llai o arian efallai y byddai’r tocynnau yn rhatach i bawb i fwynhau’r gêm.
Yn wahanol i swyddi eraill, nid yw gyrfa pêl-droedwyr yn hir. Nid ydynt yn cael eu talu ar ôl gorffen chwarae pêl-droed.
Mae pobl ar draws y byd yn mwynhau gwylio pêl-droed.
Mae cefnogwyr yn hapus i dalu i wylio gemau pêl-droed yn y stadiwm neu ar y teledu.
Mae llawer o bobl yn ddigartref ac mae’n warthus bod pêl-droedwyr yn ennill cymaint tra bod pobl eraill yn dioddef.

Clicia yma i weld pa sylwadau sydd o blaid a pha rai sydd yn erbyn

Working as a group

Collaboration is important if you’re part of a discussion group. Make sure you remember these points:

listen to each other
respond to each other's contributions
begin sentences differently and interestingly
give each member of the group a chance to contribute
ask each other questions
add to each other’s contributions
clearly express your opinion
bring the information together
come to a final decision

The red chair

Sometimes in a discussion, you’ll have to interview another person by asking them questions to get certain information.

In order to interview that person, we can ask them questions whilst they are sitting in a special chair – the red chair.

Sometimes, the person in the red chair could pretend to be another character – either a person who’s alive now or a historical figure, eg:

Llywydd y Senedd (Presiding Officer of Parliament)
Mari Jones from Bala
Sir Harri Morgan, a Welsh pirate from the 17th century
a film or television actor
a sports star

In this kind of task, it’s important not to express your personal opinion, but the opinion of the character you’re pretending to be.

You could have fun by wearing the clothes that person would wear, or by speaking like them.

It’s important to consider what the person’s views would be, and think of good points to support those views. But remember, their views or opinions may be different to your personal opinion!

Open questions

When interviewing other people, remember it's important to ask open questions because we get to know more about the discussed topic in the answers to open questions.

Why?

Open questions ask for a response which gives more information than a closed question. It gives the person responding more of a chance to speak, rather than just answering ‘yes’ or ‘no’. Answering ‘yes’ or ‘no’ is often not a sufficient answer.

Examples

You could ask questions similar to the ones below to the pupil pretending to be Mari Jones. Mari Jones walked from Llanfihangel-y-Pennant to Bala and back - a journey of more than 40 miles - to get her Bible in 1800.

You walked far. What was going through your mind while you were walking that long journey?
How did you feel when you first received the Bible from Thomas Charles?

These questions couldn’t be answered with a simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’. These questions require more information in the answers.

Closed questions

Closed questions, on the other hand, ask for a simple and brief response. Unlike open questions, ‘yes’ or ‘no’ are sufficient answers.

Why?

Closed questions are a good way of getting information in a simple and direct way.

Examples

Here are some examples of closed questions you could ask Mari Jones from Bala:

Did you have to walk far?
I’m sure you felt very excited when you first received the Bible from Thomas Charles?

These questions only require the response ‘yes’. But, with closed questions, remember that you can extend your answer by using ‘because’ or ‘as’ and give a reason for your view or opinion, for example:

Question: Did you have to walk far?
Answer: Yes, because the journey from Llanfihangel-y-Pennant to Bala is over 40 miles.

Activity 1

Here are some open and closed questions you could ask Sir Henry Morgan, the Welsh pirate from the 17th century.

Note which questions are open and which ones are closed.

Wyt ti'n hoffi hwylio ar longau? (Do you like sailing on ships?)
Pam? (Why?)
Wyt ti wedi casglu llawer o drysor? (Have you collected much treasure?)
Beth wyt ti'n gallu dweud wrthyn ni am y trysor? (What can you tell us about the treasure?)
Oes barn bendant gen ti am ddwyn trysor? (Have you got a particular opinion about stealing treasure?)
Beth ydy'r farn honno? (What is that opinion?)
Oeddet ti wedi mwynhau'r daith ar y llong? (Did you enjoy the voyage on the ship?)
Beth oedd y pethau da/pethau nad oedd cystal am y daith? (What were the good things/things that weren't so good about the voyage?)
Ydy pob môr-leidr mor gas ag wyt ti? (Is every pirate as nasty as you?)
Beth tybed sy'n gwneud môr-ladron yn gas? (What do you think makes pirates nasty?)

Click here to see which are the open and closed questions

Activity 2

Now that you've found the closed questions above in Activity 1, what are the answers to those questions? Remember to note the positive as well as the negative answers.

Click here to see the positive and negative answers to the closed questions

Activity 3

A group of pupils has had a discussion on the following topic:

Do footballers earn too much money?

Read the comments below and make a note of the ones that are for and the ones that are against the statement above.

No one needs so much money.
They're extremely talented people who have had to work very hard to be chosen to play football in the best teams.
Playing a game of football is not a day's work. Other people have to work more hours every day for less money.
Only a very small number of people succeed in becoming professional footballers.
Doctors save people's lives and earn a lot less money.
It's too expensive for many to go and watch a football game. If the players earned less money, maybe the tickets would be cheaper for everyone to enjoy the game.
Unlike other jobs, footballers' careers aren't long. They don't get paid after playing football.
People all over the world enjoy watching football.
Fans are happy to pay to watch football games in the stadium or on the television.
Many people are homeless, and it's disgraceful that footballers earn so much while other people are suffering.

Click here to see which comments are for and which ones are against the statement