The forum wants a radical examination of the problem

The one-day event marked the start of a year-long consultation.

Scotland's Futures Forum said it had organised the gathering of senior police, academics and health experts to find a fresh approach to the problem.

Last week the forum rejected conventional wisdom that Scotland is facing an ageing crisis after a 12-month study of that issue.

Monday's conference heard a number of contributions urging an equally radical examination of drink and drug abuse.

Tom Wood, of the Scottish Association of Alcohol and Drug Action Teams, argued for renewed commitment and investment in prevention strategies.

We are developing long-term strategic thinking on the issues which Scotland will face in the future Presiding Officer George Reid

Others suggested the current hard line against drug users was failing and that a fresh approach was needed.

Labour backbencher Susan Deacon MSP said there was a pressing need for a more open and informed debate on drug and alcohol use.

Scotland's Futures Forum was created in 2005 by the parliament's corporate body to identify Scotland's challenges and encourage debate between politicians, academics and international organisations.

Holyrood's Presiding Officer George Reid said: "Through the Futures Forum, we are developing long-term strategic thinking on the issues which Scotland will face in the future.

"We are engaging with those we represent and those who know the challenges and opportunities that will arise."