Global shipping contributes about a billion tonnes of CO2, more than the entire economies of Germany or the UK.
The International Maritime Organization says moving goods by ship is 80-100 times more efficient than by air.
But the Scandinavians are taking ships' emissions seriously.
Roger Harrabin was given a tour of the Estelle Maersk, the world's biggest container ship, which its owners claim is the most efficient in the world.
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