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Cardinal Keith O'Brien celebrated the opening mass of the Scottish pilgrimage to Rome in the Santa Maria in Traspontina church in Rome

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The archbishop of St Andrews and Edinburgh addressed the faithful, many of whom had travelled from Scotland

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Cardinal O'Brien is among 31 new cardinals who were elevated by Pope John Paul II

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Robert Fairbairn of the Lothian and Borders Police Pipe Band from Edinburgh played a traditional tune in the Santa Maria in Traspontina church

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Pope John Paul II performed the solemn ceremony at the Vatican

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A saltire featured in an impromptu walkabout after the ceremony

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Cardinal O'Brien is congratulated by other cardinals during a Consistory in St Peter's Square