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Wednesday, 29 August, 2001, 23:04 GMT 00:04 UK
Herbal remedy linked to birth defects
Ginko biloba
Ginko biloba is usually used to enhance the memory
Pregnant women are being warned that birth defects could be linked to a commonly used herbal supplement.

American scientists have discovered that women taking one type of the supplement Ginkgo biloba had high levels of the toxin colchicine.

Colchicine is found naturally in a number of plants and is sometimes used to treat gout, but scientists said it does interfere with cell division and can prove fatal at very high doses.

Dr Howard Petty and his colleagues at Wayne State University, Detroit, studied routine tests of placental blood from 24 pregnant women and found five of them had "entirely unanticipated" levels.


To use over-the-counter herbals during pregnancy is crazy

Dr Ann Walker
University of Reading
Further studies showed that these women had been taking Ginkgo biloba, which is normally used to treat Alzheimer's and memory loss in older people.

Dr Petty said his team had only tested one type of Ginko biloba supplement, but declined to say which brand.

"It would be premature to generalise this to all manufacturers," but he said the problem could apply to other herbal medicines.

"Such supplements should be avoided by women who are pregnant or trying to conceive," said the report.

A spokeswoman for Britain's Royal College of Midwives said women must never assume that because remedies are "traditional" that they are necessarily safe.

Extreme care

Dr Ann Walker, senior lecturer in human nutrition at the University of Reading and a registered medical herbalist, said pregnant women should take extreme care about what they put into their bodies.

"To use over-the-counter herbals during pregnancy is crazy.

"The rule is that women should never take anything during pregnancy unless it is absolutely necessary.

"But I cannot see why most pregnant women would want to take this supplement unless they have circulatory problems. It is much more used by older people."

The report, from Chemical Research in Toxicology, is published in New Scientist.

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