The Russian Orthodox Church will not sanction a papal visit

The Vatican justified the reorganisation of the church inside Russia, on the grounds that the Russian Orthodox Church has also set up formal administrative structures for its believers who live abroad in Europe and elsewhere.

The move aroused new criticism from the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, which has frequently accused the Church of Rome of poaching converts inside traditionally Orthodox territories.

A spokesman said the move was "an attempt by a certain wing of the Catholic church to pursue its missionary work" in Russia, and that such a decision should not have been taken unilaterally.

Pope's hopes

The Vatican argues that any new converts to Catholicism inside Russia are people who formerly had no religion at all.

And it insists that Rome has never had any intention of upsetting the cultural identity of a country that it recognises as traditionally Orthodox.

Relations between the two churches have been tense during the pontificate of John Paul II.

The Pope would dearly like to visit Moscow, but the Russian Patriarch has so far opposed this, even though President Putin has raised no objections.