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| Friday, 5 October, 2001, 13:26 GMT 14:26 UK Analysis: Yugoslavia picks up the pieces ![]() The crowds wanted change - and much has been achieved A year ago the people of Yugoslavia overthrew their President, Slobodan Milosevic. But how has life changed? The BBC's South-east Europe analyst Gabriel Partos investigates. Yugoslavia's post-revolution President, Vojislav Kostunica, and his allies in the broad-based anti-Milosevic movement promised to sweep away the legacy of the old regime. Much has been achieved, but many stumbling blocks remain - and there are concerns that public discontent could grow over the lack of improvement to general living standards. Among the key pledges the new leadership made was to end Serbia's isolation. That has been achieved in full. Yugoslavia has joined the United Nations and all important international organisations. It has restored diplomatic relations with the United States and the major European powers that were severed during the Kosovo conflict.
And after nearly 10 years of fruitless negotiations with Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Macedonia and Slovenia, it has finally reached an agreement on dividing up the assets of the old Yugoslavia. On the domestic front, the return of Belgrade's security forces to the region bordering Kosovo has helped put an end to the conflict with ethnic Albanian guerrillas in the Presevo Valley. Kosovo deadlock However, no progress has been made in resolving the dispute over Kosovo's future status. In next month's elections, the ethnic Albanian majority is expected to vote overwhelmingly for parties that want independence from Belgrade. More immediately, talks over the future of the Yugoslav federation remain stalled as Serbia and its junior partner, Montenegro, remain deeply divided over what shape their association should take. Failure to reach a compromise in the coming weeks could lead to Montenegro going ahead with a referendum on independence early next year. A vote for independence would spell the end of the Yugoslav federation - and would also leave Mr Kostunica without a job.
President Kostunica and Prime Minister Zoran Djindjic have been at odds over a number of issues. This came to a head in June over the extradition of Mr Milosevic to the war crimes Tribunal in The Hague - a move that was pushed through by Mr Djindjic's Serbian Government in the face of opposition from Mr Kostunica. For his part, Mr Milosevic is now awaiting trial on war crimes charges in The Hague, where he is continuing his defiance of the tribunal which he refuses to recognize. Economic woes For most Serbs, though, the political changes - however desirable - have not been matched by any visible improvements in their financial circumstances. Inflation - heading for 50% by the end of this year - and unemployment at 20% both remain obstinately high. Meanwhile, average household incomes are under $150 a month. Although Serbia's major foreign partners have pledged to give over $1.2bn in reconstruction aid, there have been long delays in transferring the badly-needed money.
Growing discontent has been signalled by a strike this week at the Kolubara open cast mines - an action launched, paradoxically, by the same workers who helped bring down Mr Milosevic a year ago. There is increasing concern that if Serbia fails to get a large injection of foreign aid in the near future, discontent may spread. And that could undermine some of the remarkable - though only partial - achievements of the past year. | See also: Internet links: The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites Top Europe stories now: Links to more Europe stories are at the foot of the page. | ||||||
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