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| Tuesday, 25 June, 2002, 13:25 GMT 14:25 UK South Korea's economy 'Goes West' Evan Davis: "The most absorbing sight"
South Korea never does things in halves. Whether it is playing football, celebrating football or running companies, the country has developed something of a recent knack for spotting how the rest of the world does things, and then doing them bigger and better - Korean style.
Korea may have been beaten by Germany in the World Cup semi-finals, but the team progressed further in the tournament than anyone had imagined. The crowds outside the City Hall were a manifestation of the ubiquitous global football culture; but far more extreme than anything we, who invented it, do ourselves.
As that is much of what Korea is doing at the moment - mixing its own idiosyncratic national characteristics with Western global culture. And building an economy that is more Western than anything the country has hitherto seen. The formula appears to be working rather well. It's not just in soccer that the country has been elevated to the world's premier league. Its economy has been too - Korea is officially an advanced nation; the 13th largest economy in the world and a member of the OECD (the rich nations' club). Fast mover All this has occurred far more rapidly than any economic change the West has seen.
The nation was bailed out by the International Monetary Fund. Yet since then, it has recovered faster than most people could have dared to have hoped - with a couple of years of 10% growth and an anticipated 6% this year. It's got that Asian tiger in its tank again. But it is following a model of development that is less Asian than before the crisis. Not like the old days First, the huge, sprawling conglomerates that dominated the business landscape - the chaebol - have been reformed.
They oriented themselves to high levels of investment and export market share, not always very efficiently. Not so much these days. They have been cut back, and the banks re-oriented to run on market principles. Big spenders Related to that, there has been another significant change: domestic consumption has grown, domestic savings have fallen. Borrowing is back in Korea - and this time it's personal. The bank lending that might once have gone to the chaebol is now finding its way to consumers. Credit card use is surging. The consumers who had little sovereignty in the past, now find themselves more powerful. Debt is rising to Western levels. This buoyant domestic market has been responsible for Korea's resilience in the face of a weak global economy in the last year. At the same time, the labour market is becoming more Western - the common six-day working week is evolving into a five-day working week. Jobs are also becoming more insecure and the population is said to be becoming more entrepreneurial. Room for improvement Of course, Korea still has plenty of challenges on the economic front. Its average income is only reckoned to be half that of Britain, and corruption and cronyism have yet to be totally eradicated. We might expect painful adjustments to occur as newly liberated consumers overspend (after all, many do not have much experience of over-borrowing). But most of Korea's remaining problems are actually those that are very familiar to the populations of the world's richest nations - sorting out the health and pensions systems for example. And of course, satisfying the population's new found thirst for World Cup football. | See also: 23 May 02 | Business 29 Apr 02 | Business 10 Dec 01 | Business 28 Nov 01 | Business 31 Aug 01 | Business 08 Mar 02 | Country profiles Internet links: The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites Top Business stories now: Links to more Business stories are at the foot of the page. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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